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Estonia Health Overview

Health

No vaccinations are required for entry to Estonia. Lyme disease is often reported from April through October and travellers should wear protective clothing if embarking on a nature trip and check themselves for ticks. Estonia's medical professionals are highly trained. Good health facilities can be found in Mustama and East Tallinn Central Hospital. Immediate cash payment is expected from visitors requiring care. There is a reciprocal health agreement with the UK and most EU countries, whose citizens are entitled to free medical and dental treatment on presentation of a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). Medical insurance is advised for all nationalities.


View information on diseases: Lyme disease

Lyme disease

Cause: The spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi, of which there are several different serotypes. Transmission: Infection with Lyme disease occurs through the bite of infected ticks, both adults and nymphs, of the genus Ixodes. Most human infections result from bites by nymphs. Many species of mammals can be infected, and deer act as an important reservoir. Nature of the disease: The disease usually has its onset in summer. Early skin lesions have an expanding ring form, often with a central clear zone. Fever, chills, myalgia and headache are common. Meningeal involvement may follow. Central nervous system and other complications may occur weeks or months after the onset of illness. Arthritis may develop up to 2 years after onset. Geographical distribution: There are endemic foci of Lyme borreliosis in forested areas of Asia, north-western, central and eastern Europe, and the USA. Risk for travellers: Generally low. Visitors to rural areas in endemic regions, particularly campers and hikers, are at risk. Prophylaxis (protective treatment): A vaccine available in the USA provides protection against the specific serotype endemic in the USA. Precautions: Avoid tick-infested areas and exposure to ticks. If a bite occurs, remove the tick as soon as possible. Source: WHO.

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